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Géopolitique de l’innovation et African Valley : Réalité, potentiel et défis
Authors
Bouchra Rahmouni
April 30, 2019

Dans un contexte de mondialisation, la capacité des pays à innover constitue un facteur clé de la création d’une très forte valeur ajoutée et du rehaussement de la compétitivité économique. La « Silicon Valley » aux Etats-Unis est un modèle de développement que beaucoup de pays africains tentent d’imiter en voulant créer une « African Valley ». Le succès des grandes entreprises américaines a persuadé un grand nombre d’acteurs que les nouvelles technologies constituent un levier de croissance incontournable, et plusieurs États ont mis en place des politiques pour impulser la création de start-ups. Certains experts parlent même d’une « géopolitique d’innovation » pour expliquer la rivalité des Etats et des entreprises à être plus compétitifs en termes de Recherche-Développement. Néanmoins, il existe plusieurs défis en termes de développement des TIC en Afrique : les problématiques du système éducatif, le retard du développement des TIC, ainsi que la faiblesse de l’innovation et les difficulté d’accès aux sources de financement classiques.

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