New Payment Infrastructures

Dans le vaste univers des matières premières, il est commun de parler des « métaux de base » pour qualifier les « grands » métaux non ferreux que sont l’aluminium, le cuivre, l’étain, le nickel, le plomb et le zinc. L’homogénéité de ce groupe est, bien évidemment, toute relative et la dynamique des cours qu’ils ont suivi, chacun, depuis le printemps 2021 ne peut manquer de le rappeler. En effet, alors qu’ils avaient tous lourdement chuté au premier trimestre 2020, après le déclenche ...

This political analyst, expert in security issues and international development, describes her personality as « down to earth, curious », and not taking herself « very seriously ». Born in Seattle, half German and half Korean-American, she was raised « between three cultures ». After a decade living and working abroad in Rwanda, China, Afghanistan, the UK, and Myanmar, she is now based in Berlin. She’s fond of cooking and is a « beer nerd » – her German side, definitely. This 36 ye ...

Addressing the increasing demands for water, energy, and food requires a coherent methodology to ensure that  societies have access to them and that conflict over them is avoided. For example, agriculture and food production  require water and energy; energy production also requires water and, in some instances, agricultural products.  Water distribution and treatment can be very energy intensive. Therefore, the benefits of approaching the Water- Energy-Food (WEF) nexus in an integr ...

 Accelerating the transition toward low or net-zero carbon emissions is necessary to keep global warming at theoretically safe levels. That will likely bring price shocks associated with rising metal prices, energy costs, and carbon taxes – what has been called “greenflation”. Greening the economy will also require public spending and redistributive policies. ...